Comprehensive Muscle Rehabilitation Solutions

Incorporating Functional Electrotherapy

A Solid Foundation for Your Recovery and Muscle Capacity

At SET, we harness the power of functional electrotherapy to aid in your recovery and enhance your muscle capabilities, whether you are recuperating from an injury, preparing for or rebounding from surgery, or seeking to optimize your physical condition for sports.


Our personalized muscle strengthening solutions

Our approach to muscle strengthening is as unique as you are.


Our offering:

  1. Purchase of your kit: The first step is acquiring your muscle strengthening kit.
  2. Custom therapeutic education: After your purchase, we will be in touch to schedule a personalized education session on your device, combining the best electrotherapy strategies with guidance from an electrotherapy expert to target your muscle strengthening effectively.
  3. Continuous support: The key to our success lies in continuous support. Our functional electrotherapy experts guide you at every step, adjusting to your evolving needs as you progress.


IMPORTANT

In order to benefit from the therapeutic education offered with your muscle rehabilitation device, it is essential to provide us with a recommendation from your treating physiotherapist or a prescription from your doctor, including the diagnosis, the objective, and the specific muscle to be treated.



What you get with the our muscle rehabilitation package:

  • Increase in muscular strength: Following a musculoskeletal injury or in the presence of neurological damage, we target the specific strengthening of the affected muscles.
  • Improvement in joint range of motion: Our programs aim to extend or maintain your flexibility and joint mobility, essential to complete recovery.
  • Facilitation of muscle rehabilitation: We employ optimal techniques to rehabilitate and facilitate movement, thereby strengthening the muscles and functions necessary for daily life.
  • Benefit for athletes: Reduce the risk of relapse after an injury thanks to a targeted approach to a safe and effective return to sport.

Our commitment: personalized support

What sets us apart is our commitment to providing you with tailor-made support.


Our team of healthcare professionals is dedicated to providing you with ongoing, personalized support. In addition to offering you advice throughout your use, we will support you and work with your treating healthcare professional to correctly adjust the settings of your device to your condition.


  • Tailored advice: Benefit from expert support, adapted to your situation for optimal use of our tools.
  • Close collaboration with healthcare professionals: We work with your healthcare professional to adapt approaches to your specific needs.
  • Continuous Support: Our lifelong support service ensures constant monitoring to maximize the benefits for your health.

Frequently asked questions

  • How does electrotherapy stimulate muscle activity?

    Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is a safe current that penetrates the skin to reach and activate the targeted muscle, triggering a contraction. This type of current can help prevent atrophy, retrain muscular imbalances, facilitate the enhancement of muscle properties, and serve several other therapeutic purposes.

  • Is electrotherapy safe for muscle strengthening?

     Yes, electrotherapy is a safe method for muscle strengthening under professional supervision. It enables targeted strengthening without putting excess strain on joints, making it ideal for rehabilitation or when traditional exercises are not feasible. However, there are contraindications in certain cases, highlighting the importance of professional guidance to ensure safety and effectiveness.

  • How long does it take to see results with electrotherapy for muscle strengthening?

    The time to see significant results from electrotherapy in muscle strengthening can vary based on several factors, such as session frequency and regularity, treatment intensity, and the individual's initial physical condition.


    Typically, users begin to notice improvements in muscle strength and tone after a few weeks of regular treatment. For optimal results, it is recommended to follow a personalized electrotherapy program accompanied by a customized exercise regimen, tailored to meet each person's specific needs.

  • Can I use electrotherapy at home for muscle strengthening?

    Yes, at SET, we encourage home electrotherapy for muscle strengthening, enabling self-managed care for your well-being. Our devices and programs are designed for effective and safe sessions at home, providing flexibility and ongoing professional support to optimize your results independently.

  • What's the difference between electrotherapy and traditional muscle training?

    Electrotherapy stimulates muscles through electrical impulses to induce contractions, targeting specific muscle groups without putting stress on joints, making it ideal for rehabilitation. Traditional training involves physical exercises to strengthen muscles, also improving coordination and endurance. Both methods are complementary, with electrotherapy being particularly beneficial for rehabilitation and traditional training for overall strengthening.

  • How does eletrotherapy incorporate within a muscle strengthening program?

    To integrate electrotherapy into a muscle strengthening program, it is advisable to collaborate with a professional, such as a physiotherapy practitioner, to create a customized plan. This plan can involve electrotherapy for muscle preparation, post-effort recovery, or targeted strengthening, thereby promoting optimal results while minimizing the risk of injury.

Use our chat service, send us a message or call us toll-free for assistance Monday to Friday 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.

Need to chat with a specialist?

Visit the Frequently Asked Questions section below to find the answer to your question.

Médiathèque SET

By Hélène Lamoureux February 27, 2026
Pain can be concerning, especially when it persists. However, not all pain functions in the same way. Understanding the difference between acute and chronic pain can help you better understand what is happening in your body and choose appropriate strategies to improve your condition. Acute Pain: A Normal Warning Signal Acute pain is a normal bodily response to an injury, such as a sprain, fracture, or burn. It functions much like an alarm system, alerting you that a part of your body needs protection and time to heal. In general acute pain: · Is linked to a specific injury. · Gradually decreases as healing occurs. · Its course is often predictable In this context, the goal is to control pain while allowing the body adequate time to recover. Chronic Pain: When the System Becomes More Sensitive Pain is considered chronic when it persists beyond three months, even if the initial injury has healed or is healing. In such cases, there is not necessarily ongoing tissue damage. Rather, the nervous system may have become more sensitive. Nerves transmit signals more easily, and the brain may amplify these signals. This means that the pain is real, but it does not necessarily indicate an active injury. The body has become more vigilant or more sensitive. Understanding this distinction is important, as it can help reduce fear and better guide treatment. Why Early Pain Control Matters Although acute pain is normal, very intense or poorly controlled pain should not be ignored. Severe pain at the outset may increase the likelihood that it will persist. This does not mean that chronic pain will inevitably develop, but it highlights the importance of early and safe intervention. The objective is not only to improve immediate comfort, but also to support better long-term recovery. In rehabilitation, the aim is not solely to relieve pain, but also to provide you with tools to regain control. Medication Certain anti-inflammatory creams or gels may be helpful in the early stages. In some cases, oral medications such as acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also be recommended, depending on your situation. Your pharmacist can help you understand how to use these medications safely and effectively. Stronger medications, such as opioids, are generally not recommended as first-line treatments because of their associated risks. Your physician is best positioned to determine the most appropriate medication based on your specific condition. However, medication alone does not always eliminate pain completely. Complementary Modalities Nonpharmacological options are also commonly used in rehabilitation. For example, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, known as TENS, is a device that delivers mild electrical impulses through the skin. Research indicates that it can reduce pain in the short term in both acute and chronic conditions. It may be used alone or in combination with other pharmacological or nonpharmacological treatments. Remaining actively engaged in your pain management process is essential. In rehabilitation, we can teach you: · Simple pain management strategies, such as the appropriate use of heat or cold and specific breathing techniques. · Exercises adapted to your stage of healing. · A gradual return to activities, with realistic goals. · Clear explanations of pain mechanisms to reduce fear and anxiety. These tools not only help reduce pain intensity, but also support confidence in your ability to move and function. Conclusion Acute and chronic pain do not function in the same way, and they are not managed in exactly the same manner. In all cases, your pain is taken seriously. The objective is to help you understand what is happening, reduce the intensity of your symptoms, and restore a sense of control. With an individualized, gradual, and appropriate approach, it is possible to improve your condition and support a meaningful and sustainable recovery. References: Cohen, S. P., Vase, L., & Hooten, W. M. (2021). Chronic pain : An update on burden, best practices, and new advances. Lancet, 397(10289), 2082‑2097. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00393-7 Hsu, J. R., Mir, H., Wally, M. K., Seymour, R. B., & Orthopaedic Trauma Association Musculoskeletal Pain Task Force. (2019). Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pain Management in Acute Musculoskeletal Injury. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 33(5), e158‑e182. https://doi.org/10.1097/BOT.0000000000001430 Johnson, M. I. (2021). Resolving Long-Standing Uncertainty about the Clinical Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to Relieve Pain : A Comprehensive Review of Factors Influencing Outcome. Medicina, 57(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040378 Johnson, M. I., Paley, C. A., Jones, G., Mulvey, M. R., & Wittkopf, P. G. (2022). Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for acute and chronic pain in adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis of 381 studies (the meta-TENS study). BMJ Open, 12(2), e051073. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051073 Nasir, A., Afridi, M., Afridi, O. K., Khan, M. A., Khan, A., Zhang, J., & Qian, B. (2025). The persistent pain enigma : Molecular drivers behind acute-to-chronic transition. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 173, 106162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106162 Qaseem, A., McLean, R. M., O’Gurek, D., Batur, P., Lin, K., Kansagara, D. L., & for the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians and the Commission on Health of the Public and Science of the American Academy of Family Physicians. (2020). Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Management of Acute Pain From Non–Low Back, Musculoskeletal Injuries in Adults : A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians and American Academy of Family Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, 173(9), 739‑748. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-3602 Terminology | International Association for the Study of Pain. (s. d.). International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP). Consulté 16 février 2026, à l’adresse https://www.iasp-pain.org/resources/terminology/ Treede, R.-D., Rief, W., Barke, A., Aziz, Q., Bennett, M. I., Benoliel, R., Cohen, M., Evers, S., Finnerup, N. B., First, M. B., Giamberardino, M. A., Kaasa, S., Korwisi, B., Kosek, E., Lavand’homme, P., Nicholas, M., Perrot, S., Scholz, J., Schug, S., … Wang, S.-J. (2019). Chronic pain as a symptom or a disease : The IASP Classification of Chronic Pain for the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Pain, 160(1), 19‑27. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001384 VA/DoD, T. L. G. (s. d.). VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for the Use of Opioids in the Management of Chronic Pain. Vase, L., Wager, T. D., & Eccleston, C. (2025). Opportunities for chronic pain self-management : Core psychological principles and neurobiological underpinnings. Lancet, 405(10491), 1781‑1790. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00404-0
By Hélène Lamoureux February 27, 2026
La douleur peut être inquiétante, surtout lorsqu’elle persiste. Pourtant, toutes les douleurs ne fonctionnent pas de la même façon. Comprendre la différence entre une douleur aiguë et une douleur chronique peut aider à mieux saisir ce qui se passe dans votre corps et à choisir les bonnes stratégies pour aller mieux. La douleur aiguë : un signal d’alarme normal La douleur aiguë est une réaction normale du corps lorsqu’il y a une blessure, comme une entorse, une fracture ou une brûlure. Elle agit un peu comme un système d’alarme : elle vous avertit qu’une partie de votre corps a besoin de protection et de temps pour guérir. En général : Elle est liée à une blessure précise. Elle diminue progressivement avec la guérison. Son évolution est souvent prévisible. Dans ce contexte, le but est de contrôler la douleur tout en laissant au corps le temps de se réparer. La douleur chronique : quand le système devient plus sensible On parle de douleur chronique lorsque la douleur persiste au-delà de trois mois, même si la blessure initiale est guérie ou en voie de l’être. Dans ce cas, ce n’est pas nécessairement qu’il y a encore un dommage. Le système nerveux peut simplement être devenu plus sensible. Les nerfs transmettent les signaux plus facilement et le cerveau peut amplifier ces messages. Cela signifie que la douleur est réelle et elle ne veut pas forcément dire qu’il y a encore une blessure active. Le corps est devenu plus « vigilant » ou plus sensible. Comprendre cela est important, car cela aide à diminuer la peur et à mieux orienter le traitement. Pourquoi contrôler la douleur tôt est important Même si la douleur aiguë est normale, une douleur très intense ou mal contrôlée ne devrait pas être ignorée. Une douleur très forte au départ peut augmenter le risque qu’elle persiste plus longtemps. Cela ne veut pas dire que cela va forcément arriver, mais cela souligne l’importance d’agir tôt pour réduire la douleur de façon sécuritaire. L’objectif n’est pas seulement d’être plus confortable maintenant, mais aussi de favoriser une meilleure récupération à long terme. En réadaptation, le but n’est pas seulement de soulager la douleur, mais aussi de vous donner des outils pour reprendre le contrôle. Médication Certaines crèmes ou gels anti-inflammatoires peuvent être utiles au début. Parfois, des comprimés oraux comme l’acétaminophène ou certains anti-inflammatoires peuvent aussi être recommandés, selon votre situation. Le pharmacien peut vous aider à comprendre comment les utiliser de façon sécuritaire et efficace. Les médicaments plus forts, comme les opioïdes, ne sont généralement pas priorisé en première intention, car ils comportent plus de risques. Votre médecin sera la meilleure ressource pour prescrire la meilleure médication en fonction de votre blessure. Cependant, la médication à elle seule ne peut pas toujours réduire la douleur à 100%. Modalités complémentaires Il existe aussi des options non médicamenteuses fréquemment utilisée en réadaptation. Par exemple, la neurostimulation électrique transcutanée, appelée TENS, est un appareil qui envoie de légères impulsions électriques à travers la peau. Des études montrent qu’il peut réduire la douleur à court terme, autant dans les douleurs aiguës que chroniques. Il peut être utilisé seul ou en complément d’autres traitements pharmacologiques ou non pharmacologiques. L’important, c’est de rester actif dans son processus de prise en charge de la douleur. En réadaptation, nous pouvons vous enseigner : · Des stratégies simples pour gérer la douleur, comme la chaleur, le froid ou certaines techniques de respiration. · Des exercices adaptés à votre stade de guérison. · Une reprise graduelle des activités, avec des objectifs réalistes. · Des explications claires sur la douleur pour diminuer la peur et l’inquiétude. Ces outils vous aident non seulement à diminuer la douleur, mais aussi à retrouver confiance en votre capacité à bouger et à fonctionner. Conclusion La douleur aiguë et la douleur chronique ne fonctionnent pas de la même façon, et elles ne se traitent pas exactement de la même manière. Dans tous les cas, votre douleur est prise au sérieux. L’objectif est de vous aider à comprendre ce qui se passe, à réduire l’intensité de vos symptômes et à vous redonner du contrôle. Avec une approche adaptée, graduelle et personnalisée, il est possible d’améliorer la situation et de favoriser une récupération durable. Références Cohen, S. P., Vase, L., & Hooten, W. M. (2021). Chronic pain : An update on burden, best practices, and new advances. Lancet, 397(10289), 2082‑2097. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00393-7 Hsu, J. R., Mir, H., Wally, M. K., Seymour, R. B., & Orthopaedic Trauma Association Musculoskeletal Pain Task Force. (2019). Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pain Management in Acute Musculoskeletal Injury. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 33(5), e158‑e182. https://doi.org/10.1097/BOT.0000000000001430 Johnson, M. I. (2021). Resolving Long-Standing Uncertainty about the Clinical Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to Relieve Pain : A Comprehensive Review of Factors Influencing Outcome. Medicina, 57(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040378 Johnson, M. I., Paley, C. A., Jones, G., Mulvey, M. R., & Wittkopf, P. G. (2022). Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for acute and chronic pain in adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis of 381 studies (the meta-TENS study). BMJ Open, 12(2), e051073. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051073 Nasir, A., Afridi, M., Afridi, O. K., Khan, M. A., Khan, A., Zhang, J., & Qian, B. (2025). The persistent pain enigma : Molecular drivers behind acute-to-chronic transition. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 173, 106162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106162 Qaseem, A., McLean, R. M., O’Gurek, D., Batur, P., Lin, K., Kansagara, D. L., & for the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians and the Commission on Health of the Public and Science of the American Academy of Family Physicians. (2020). Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Management of Acute Pain From Non–Low Back, Musculoskeletal Injuries in Adults : A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians and American Academy of Family Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, 173(9), 739‑748. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-3602 Terminology | International Association for the Study of Pain. (s. d.). International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP). Consulté 16 février 2026, à l’adresse https://www.iasp-pain.org/resources/terminology/ Treede, R.-D., Rief, W., Barke, A., Aziz, Q., Bennett, M. I., Benoliel, R., Cohen, M., Evers, S., Finnerup, N. B., First, M. B., Giamberardino, M. A., Kaasa, S., Korwisi, B., Kosek, E., Lavand’homme, P., Nicholas, M., Perrot, S., Scholz, J., Schug, S., … Wang, S.-J. (2019). Chronic pain as a symptom or a disease : The IASP Classification of Chronic Pain for the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Pain, 160(1), 19‑27. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001384  VA/DoD, T. L. G. (s. d.). VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for the Use of Opioids in the Management of Chronic Pain. Vase, L., Wager, T. D., & Eccleston, C. (2025). Opportunities for chronic pain self-management : Core psychological principles and neurobiological underpinnings. Lancet, 405(10491), 1781‑1790. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00404-0
By Hélène Lamoureux February 26, 2026
La douleur… et si on en parlait autrement?
By Hélène Lamoureux February 24, 2026
Dernière capsule avant le GRAND DÉPART !
By Hélène Lamoureux February 17, 2026
L'histoire touchante de Geneviève Plante et Sébastien Richard
By Hélène Lamoureux January 20, 2026
Endométriose : quand les douleurs menstruelles ne sont pas « juste des règles »
By Hélène Lamoureux January 14, 2026
A simple, safe, and evidence-based first-line approach Menstrual pain, commonly referred to as primary dysmenorrhea, is one of the most frequent causes of pelvic pain among adolescents and women of reproductive age. It typically presents as cramping pain that may persist for several hours to several days at the onset of menstruation. Although often regarded as a normal physiological phenomenon, primary dysmenorrhea is associated with substantial functional consequences, including reduced participation in daily activities, decreased work productivity, school absenteeism, and impaired quality of life (Arik et al., 2022; González-Mena et al., 2024). With respect to pharmacological management of primary dysmenorrhea, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and hormonal therapies remain widely used. However, several authors have raised concerns regarding their optimal effectiveness, particularly in light of potential adverse effects or contraindications in certain patients (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020; Han et al., 2024). These limitations have contributed to growing interest in nonpharmacological, affordable, and safe approaches, among which transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, commonly known as TENS, is gaining increasing recognition. TENS as a First-Line Option for Primary Dysmenorrhea TENS is a noninvasive modality that involves the application of low-intensity electrical currents through electrodes placed on the skin, typically over the abdominal or lumbar regions. This intervention is characterized by its ease of use, low cost, and potential for self-administration, allowing patients to maintain their daily activities during painful episodes (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). Current evidence supports the effectiveness of TENS in reducing pain associated with primary dysmenorrhea. A review of the literature has shown that TENS is more effective than placebo in alleviating menstrual pain (Arik et al., 2022). This meta-analysis synthesized findings from several randomized controlled trials. According to the most recent Cochrane systematic review, both high-frequency and low-frequency TENS may reduce pain compared with placebo or no treatment, although the level of certainty remains moderate due to methodological limitations in the included studies (Han et al., 2024). Beyond pain reduction, some studies have reported a decrease in analgesic use and an improved ability to maintain daily activities during menstruation. These outcomes are particularly relevant for the overall management of primary dysmenorrhea (Camilo et al., 2023; Han et al., 2024). Mechanisms of Action of TENS in Menstrual Pain Primary dysmenorrhea is primarily driven by excessive prostaglandin production, leading to uterine hypercontractility, local vasoconstriction, and transient myometrial ischemia. These processes contribute to painful cramping and heightened pain sensitivity during menstruation (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020; González-Mena et al., 2024). TENS modulates menstrual pain through several complementary mechanisms. According to the gate control theory, stimulation of large-diameter afferent fibres inhibits the transmission of nociceptive signals at the level of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, thereby reducing pain perception (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). In addition, TENS promotes the release of endogenous opioids, such as endorphins and enkephalins, contributing to central pain modulation (Han et al., 2024). It has also been hypothesized that TENS may exert indirect beneficial effects, including increased local circulation and reduced uterine ischemia. These mechanisms are consistent with the pathophysiology of primary dysmenorrhea, further supporting the relevance of TENS as an intervention that targets underlying contributors to menstrual pain (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). Safety of TENS The safety profile of TENS is well established in literature. Clinical studies and comprehensive reviews report a low incidence of adverse effects, which are generally mild and transient, such as minor skin redness at electrode sites (Han et al., 2024). No serious complications have been reported when standard contraindications are respected. The nonpharmacological nature of TENS represents a major clinical advantage, particularly for patients who experience poor tolerance to medications or who wish to limit their use of analgesics. Moreover, TENS can be used safely throughout the menstrual cycle, without concerns related to dependence or known drug interactions (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). Normalizing the Use of TENS Despite a growing body of supportive evidence, TENS remains underutilized in the management of primary dysmenorrhea. This situation is partly attributable to the persistent normalization of menstrual pain and the historical prioritization of pharmacological approaches. Normalizing the use of TENS requires acknowledging primary dysmenorrhea as a legitimate pain condition that warrants appropriate, accessible, and patient-centred pain management strategies. For health care professionals, integrating TENS as a first-line option offers an intervention that promotes patient autonomy, supports activity maintenance, and aligns with a multimodal approach to pain management. TENS may be used alone or in combination with other nonpharmacological interventions, such as therapeutic exercise, thermotherapy, or pain education, within a framework of individualized and evidence-based care (González-Mena et al., 2024; Mendes et al., 2024). Conclusion TENS represents a simple, safe, and effective option for pain management in primary dysmenorrhea. Current evidence suggests that initiating its use at the onset of symptoms may be particularly beneficial, especially for women seeking to maintain daily functioning while minimizing reliance on medications. By normalizing its use, health care professionals gain access to a practical tool to improve the management of menstrual pain and contribute to enhanced quality of life for those affected. Références Arik, M. I., Kiloatar, H., Aslan, B., & Icelli, M. (2022). The effect of TENS for pain relief in women with primary dysmenorrhea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Explore, 18(2), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2020.08.005 Camilo, F. M., Bossini, P. S., Driusso, P., Ávila, M. A., Parizotto, N. A., Sousa, U. R., & Ramos, R. R. (2023). The effects of electrode placement on analgesia using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for primary dysmenorrhea: A single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Cureus, 15(5), e39326. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.39326 Elboim-Gabyzon, M., & Kalichman, L. (2020). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for primary dysmenorrhea: An overview. International Journal of Women’s Health, 12, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S220523 González-Mena, Á., Leirós-Rodríguez, R., & Hernández-Lucas, P. (2024). Treatment of women with primary dysmenorrhea with manual therapy and electrotherapy techniques: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzae019 Han, S., Park, K. S., Lee, H., Kim, E., Zhu, X., Lee, J. M., & Suh, H. S. (2024). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain control in women with primary dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2024(7), CD013331. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013331.pub2 Mendes, C. F., Oliveira, L. S., Garcez, P. A., Azevedo-Santos, I. F., & DeSantana, J. M. (2024). Effect of different electric stimulation modalities on pain and functionality of patients with pelvic pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Pain Practice. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.13417
By Hélène Lamoureux January 14, 2026
Une option de première ligne simple, sécuritaire et fondée sur les données probantes La souffrance liée aux menstruations, communément appelée « dysménorrhée primaire », est l’une des causes les plus courantes de douleur dans la région pelvienne chez les adolescentes et les femmes en âge de procréer. Elle se manifeste par des douleurs semblables à celles des menstruations et peuvent persister de plusieurs heures à quelques jours au début des menstruations. Bien qu’elle soit souvent perçue comme un phénomène physiologique normal, la dysménorrhée primaire est associée à des répercussions fonctionnelles importantes, incluant une diminution de la participation aux activités quotidiennes, une baisse de la productivité au travail, absentéisme à l’école et une altération de la qualité de vie (Arik et coll., 2022; González-Mena et coll., 2024). En ce qui concerne le traitement médicamenteux de la dysménorrhée primaire, les anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens (AINS) et les traitements hormonaux sont encore très répandus. Cependant, plusieurs chercheurs mettent en évidence des préoccupations quant à l’efficacité optimale de ces médicaments en raison de leurs effets secondaires potentiels ou de certaines contre-indications chez certaines patientes (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020 ; Han et coll., 2024). Ces limites médicales alimentent l’engouement pour des approches non pharmacologiques, abordables et sûres, dont la stimulation électrique transcutanée des nerfs, également connue sous le nom de TENS, gagne progressivement en notoriété. Le TENS comme option de première ligne en dysménorrhée primaire Le TENS est une modalité non invasive qui consiste à appliquer des courants électriques de faible intensité à travers des électrodes placées sur la peau, généralement au niveau abdominal ou lombaire. Cette intervention se distingue par sa simplicité d’utilisation, son faible coût et sa possibilité d’autoadministration, permettant aux patientes de poursuivre leurs activités quotidiennes pendant les épisodes douloureux (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). Les données probantes actuelles soutiennent l’efficacité du TENS dans la réduction de la douleur associée à la dysménorrhée primaire. Une analyse de la littérature a révélé que le TENS est plus efficace qu’un placebo pour soulager la douleur menstruelle (Arik et coll., 2022). Cette méta-analyse a compilé les résultats de plusieurs essais contrôlés randomisés. Selon la dernière revue systématique Cochrane, le TENS, que ce soit à haute ou à basse fréquence, pourrait diminuer la douleur par rapport à un placebo ou à l’absence de traitement, mais avec un niveau de confiance modéré en raison de certaines limites méthodologiques (Han et coll., 2024). Outre la réduction de la douleur, certaines recherches ont mis en évidence une baisse de la consommation d’analgésiques et une amélioration de la capacité à poursuivre les activités quotidiennes pendant les règles. Ces résultats sont importants pour la gestion globale de la dysménorrhée primaire (Camilo et coll., 2023 ; Han et coll., 2024). Mécanismes d’action du TENS dans la douleur menstruelle La dysménorrhée primaire est principalement causée par une production excessive de prostaglandines, entraînant une hypercontractilité utérine, une vasoconstriction locale et une ischémie transitoire du myomètre. Ces mécanismes contribuent à l’apparition de crampes douloureuses et à l’accroissement de la sensibilité à la douleur pendant les menstruations (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020 ; González-Mena et coll., 2024). Le TENS agit sur la douleur menstruelle par plusieurs mécanismes complémentaires. Selon la théorie du portillon, la stimulation des fibres afférentes de gros calibre inhibe la transmission des influx nociceptifs au niveau de la corne dorsale de la moelle épinière, réduisant ainsi la perception de la douleur (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). Par ailleurs, le TENS favorise la libération d’opioïdes endogènes, tels que les endorphines et les enképhalines, contribuant à une modulation centrale de la douleur (Han et coll., 2024). On a également émis l’hypothèse que le TENS pourrait entraîner des effets bénéfiques indirects, tels qu’une augmentation de la circulation locale et une diminution de l’ischémie utérine. Ces mécanismes sont en accord avec la physiopathologie de la dysménorrhée primaire, ce qui renforce l’intérêt du TENS en tant qu’approche visant spécifiquement les mécanismes sous-jacents à la douleur menstruelle (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). Sécurité du TENS La sécurité d’emploi du TENS est bien documentée dans la littérature. Les études cliniques ainsi que les synthèses exhaustives révèlent un faible nombre d’effets secondaires, qui sont habituellement bénins et temporaires, tels qu’une légère rougeur cutanée au niveau des électrodes (Han et coll., 2024). Aucune complication grave n’a été rapportée lorsque les contre-indications usuelles sont respectées. Le caractère non pharmacologique du TENS représente un avantage clinique majeur, en particulier chez les patientes qui tolèrent mal les traitements médicamenteux ou qui désirent limiter leur consommation d’analgésiques. De plus, le TENS peut être utilisé en toute sécurité tout au long des cycles menstruels, sans craindre de développer une dépendance ou de subir des interactions médicamenteuses connues (Elboim-Gabyzon & Kalichman, 2020). Normaliser l’utilisation du TENS Bien que des preuves de plus en plus solides soient disponibles, le TENS est encore sous-utilisé dans le traitement de la dysménorrhée primaire. Cette situation est en partie due à la banalisation persistante de la douleur menstruelle et à la priorité historique accordée aux approches pharmacologiques. Normaliser l’utilisation du TENS implique de reconnaître la dysménorrhée primaire comme une condition douloureuse légitime nécessitant des stratégies de gestion de douleur adaptées, accessibles et centrées sur la patiente. Pour les professionnels de la santé, intégrer le TENS comme option de première ligne permet d’offrir une intervention favorisant l’autonomie, le maintien des activités et une approche multimodale de la douleur. Le TENS peut être proposé seul ou en combinaison avec d’autres interventions non pharmacologiques, comme l’exercice thérapeutique, la thermothérapie ou l’éducation à la douleur, dans une perspective de soins individualisés et fondés sur les données probantes (González-Mena et coll., 2024 ; Mendes et al., 2024). Conclusion Le TENS représente une option de gestion de la douleur simple, sécuritaire et efficace pour la dysménorrhée primaire. Les données actuelles suggèrent qu’il serait bénéfique de commencer à l’utiliser dès le début des symptômes, surtout chez les femmes qui cherchent à poursuivre leurs activités quotidiennes tout en minimisant leur dépendance aux médicaments. En normalisant son usage les professionnels de la santé disposent d’un outil concret pour améliorer la prise en charge de la douleur menstruelle et contribuer à une meilleure qualité de vie des personnes concernées. Références Arik, M. I., Kiloatar, H., Aslan, B., & Icelli, M. (2022). The effect of TENS for pain relief in women with primary dysmenorrhea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Explore, 18(2), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2020.08.005 Camilo, F. M., Bossini, P. S., Driusso, P., Ávila, M. A., Parizotto, N. A., Sousa, U. R., & Ramos, R. R. (2023). The effects of electrode placement on analgesia using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for primary dysmenorrhea: A single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Cureus, 15(5), e39326. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.39326 Elboim-Gabyzon, M., & Kalichman, L. (2020). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for primary dysmenorrhea: An overview. International Journal of Women’s Health, 12, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S220523 González-Mena, Á., Leirós-Rodríguez, R., & Hernández-Lucas, P. (2024). Treatment of women with primary dysmenorrhea with manual therapy and electrotherapy techniques: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzae019 Han, S., Park, K. S., Lee, H., Kim, E., Zhu, X., Lee, J. M., & Suh, H. S. (2024). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain control in women with primary dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2024(7), CD013331. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013331.pub2 Mendes, C. F., Oliveira, L. S., Garcez, P. A., Azevedo-Santos, I. F., & DeSantana, J. M. (2024). Effect of different electric stimulation modalities on pain and functionality of patients with pelvic pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Pain Practice. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.13417
By Hélène Lamoureux December 19, 2025
Révéler le Pouvoir de la NMES en Réadaptation
By Hélène Lamoureux December 15, 2025
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation, commonly referred to as NMES, is widely used in rehabilitation to strengthen muscles with reduced voluntary activation. It can be used in conservative treatments and before, during, or after surgery. Its main advantage is its ability to activate motor units even in the presence of pain, swelling, or neuromuscular inhibition. Many muscles can benefit from NMES, but the quadriceps is the most studied because of its essential functional role and its sensitivity to arthrogenic inhibition, a protective reflex that decreases muscle activation when a joint is irritated or painful (Watson, 2020). The Scientific Foundations of NMES: A Distinct Mechanism of Motor Recruitment NMES stimulates motor nerves directly through an electrical current applied to the skin. It bypasses voluntary control and triggers muscle contraction by depolarizing axons. In normal physiology, small motor units are recruited first. With NMES, larger motor units are activated more quickly. These units are primarily type II fibres, which are faster and more powerful (Watson, 2020). This reversed recruitment pattern allows NMES to produce an effective contraction even when voluntary activation is limited by pain, arthrogenic inhibition, surgery, or immobilization. It helps prevent loss of muscle quality and supports functional recovery when voluntary effort is restricted. NMES also has motivational benefits. Patients who cannot voluntarily contract a muscle can observe a visible contraction produced by the device. This often reassures them and increases their engagement in rehabilitation. It can also reduce fear of movement and improve adherence to exercise programs. Optimal Timing of Use: From the Preoperative Period to Functional Recovery The Preoperative Period Muscle prehabilitation is associated with better postoperative outcomes (Anderson et al., 2021). NMES helps maintain function when pain or instability limits voluntary exercise (Watson, 2020). Although direct preoperative evidence is limited, early postoperative data suggest that regular stimulation preserves strength and reduces expected muscle loss (Watson, 2020). NMES therefore fits well into preoperative strengthening programs before ligament reconstruction or arthroplasty. The Early Postoperative Phase NMES is most effective when introduced soon after surgery. Conley et al. (2021) recommend starting within the first two postoperative weeks, when muscle inhibition is at its greatest. Early use improves quadriceps activation and accelerates strength recovery. A recent meta-analysis by Li et al. (2025) recommends beginning neuromuscular retraining within the first days after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Early initiation is more effective than delayed application. This highlights the importance of early stimulation to optimize functional outcomes. The Intermediate Phase As pain decreases and mobility improves, NMES becomes a valuable adjunct to voluntary strengthening. It allows patients to reach contraction levels that they cannot achieve independently. When combined with exercise, NMES can increase strength and reduce pain, particularly at frequencies between 50 and 75 Hz (Novak et al., 2020). Its use depends on the targeted goals, such as strength, proprioception, or endurance. The Late Phase When patients can perform high-intensity exercises, NMES is used to support specific rehabilitation goals. It may help correct persistent imbalances, address residual deficits, or assist in monitoring mechanical load during a return to meaningful or sport-specific activities. Effects are generally more modest at this stage but remain useful. Peng et al. (2021) report moderate yet clinically relevant functional improvements after total knee arthroplasty. Conclusion: An Effective Modality When Applied at the Right Time NMES is most effective when integrated at appropriate stages of rehabilitation. In the preoperative period, it helps preserve muscle mass and quality. Immediately after surgery, it reduces neuromuscular inhibition and facilitates early reactivation of the targeted muscle. In later stages, it supports progressive strengthening, load monitoring, and optimization of muscle function. Regular use is essential for sustained benefits, much like a structured exercise program. Repetition and integration into self-management enhance its effectiveness. Finally, the extensive evidence available on the quadriceps provides a solid reference for clinical application and can be adapted to other muscle groups with appropriate judgment. References Watson, T. (2020) . Electrotherapy Evidence-Based Practice (13e éd.). Elsevier. Anderson, A. M., Comer, C., Smith, T. O., Drew, B. T., Pandit, H., Antcliff, D., Redmond, A. C., & McHugh, G. A. (2021). Consensus on pre-operative total knee replacement education and prehabilitation recommendations : A UK-based modified Delphi study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 22(1), 352. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04160-5 Conley, C. E. W., Mattacola, C. G., Jochimsen, K. N., Dressler, E. V., Lattermann, C., & Howard, J. S. (2021). A Comparison of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Parameters for Postoperative Quadriceps Strength in Patients After Knee Surgery : A Systematic Review. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach, 13(2), 116‑127. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120964817 Li, Z., Jin, L., Chen, Z., Shang, Z., Geng, Y., Tian, S., & Dong, J. (2025) . Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Strength and Knee Joint Function in Patients After ACL Surgery : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 13(1), 23259671241275071. https://doi.org/10.1177/23259671241275071 Novak, S., Guerron, G., Zou, Z., Cheung, G., & Berteau, J.-P. (2020). New Guidelines for Electrical Stimulation Parameters in Adult Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis Based on a Systematic Review of the Current Literature. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 99(8), 682‑688. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000001409 Peng, L., Wang, K., Zeng, Y., Wu, Y., Si, H., & Shen, B. (2021) . Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation After Total Knee Arthroplasty : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 779019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.779019
Show More